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Published 15 June 2026 15 min read REn art. 13N · 13M · 12I Heat pump · GeniLac · CADIOM · Pellets SIG · Buildings Programme Updated June 2026

Phasing out fossil fuels for heating in Geneva: what the law requires, what the field imposes

In Geneva, replacing a gas or oil boiler is no longer a simple technical swap — it is a strategic decision framed by law. Any new fossil-fuel installation of 5 kW or more requires a permit (REn art. 13N). A burner more than 20 years old counts as a conversion requiring a permit (art. 13M para. 3). Before signing an order, three questions deserve a rigorous answer: which alternative, at what flow temperature, and what condition is the building envelope in?

In this dossier
The Geneva legal framework Heat pump, GeniLac, CADIOM, pellets The 50 °C constraint The trap of replacing without insulating SIG grants and the Buildings Programme FAQ — owners and professionals
02 — The renewable systems

Four alternatives to gas and oil in Geneva

There is no single right answer — there is an answer suited to each building, depending on its location, its emitters, its insulation and the availability of networks. Here are the four main routes, in order of geographical relevance for Geneva.

First priority where a network is available
SIG heat networks — GeniLac & CADIOM
GeniLac uses deep water from Lake Geneva (heat exchange at around 5–7 °C). CADIOM recovers heat from the Cheneviers waste incineration plantcadiom.ch: in service since December 2002, the network supplies more than 10,000 dwellings and several commercial sites in Aire-la-Ville, Bernex, Confignon, Onex and Lancy with water superheated by household waste incineration.CADIOM SA (exploitant du réseau — seule source disponible) — CADIOM — Chauffage à distance par l'incinération des ordures ménagèresaccessed 2026-08-29 and has served the municipalities of Aire-la-Ville, Bernex, Confignon, Onex and Lancy since 2002. If the building is within the perimeter, connection is the simplest solution: no internal plant to maintain, an equivalent performance factor of 4 to 6, decarbonised energy. Check availability at sig-ge.ch (network map).
Main alternative off-network
Air-to-water heat pump (outdoor air)
The most widespread solution outside district heating areas. Coefficient of performance of 2.8 to 3.8 at nominal conditionsSource to be established — unverified. The Geneva schedule uses the A-7/W35 operating point for calculating grants, but publishes no range of coefficients of performance.Source to be established — unverified figure (–5 °C outside / 45 °C flow). Requires an outdoor unit (a noise and appearance constraint in dense urban areas). Absolutely requires a flow temperature of 50 °C or below for acceptable performance. Supported by measure M-05 of the GEnergie schedule (IP-05 above 70 kW) and by SIG-éco21.
High-performance alternative — longer lead times
Ground-source heat pump (vertical probes)
A stable coefficient of performance of 4.0 to 4.8 whatever the outdoor temperatureSource to be established — unverified. A usual market order of magnitude, not reproduced in any official publication consulted.Source to be established — unverified figure — Geneva's ground stays at around 12 °C all year. No visible outdoor unit, silent, ideal for sensitive sites. Drilling cost: CHF 8,000–15,000 per probe depending on depthSource to be established — unverified. A market price with no official reference publication.Source to be established — unverified figure. A GESDEC permit is mandatory (cantonal geology, soils and waste service) — 6 to 12 months. To be planned well in advance.
Where heat pump and district heating are not available
Wood pellet boiler
A biomass solution that makes sense while the envelope has not yet been renovated (it tolerates higher flow temperatures). CO₂-neutral with an ENplus A1 certified supply chain. Constraints: storage (5–10 m³ for a block), annual delivery, air quality. Fewer SIG grants than for heat pumps — but measures M-03 and IP-04 of the GEnergie schedule apply.

Which system for which context — summary table

System COP / efficiency Main condition Lead time Geneva grants
SIG district heating (GeniLac / CADIOM) equiv. 4–6 Being within the network perimeter 6–18 months depending on distance SIG + Buildings Prog.
Air-to-water heat pump 2,8–3,8 Flow temperature ≤ 50 °C essential 3–6 months SIG + M-05 / IP-05
Ground-source heat pump 4,0–4,8 GESDEC permit + available ground 12–24 months (permit) SIG + Buildings Prog.
Pellets (biomass) Efficiency 85–92 % Storage + certified supply chain 3–6 months M-03 / IP-04 (limited SIG)
Gas boiler (replacement) Efficiency 90–98 % REn art. 13N permit — increasingly hard to obtain 2–4 months No grants

COP: coefficient of performance measured at nominal conditions. For heat pumps, the actual annual figure (seasonal performance factor) is lower. Data based on 2026 market standards; check the technical sheets of the equipment chosen. Lead times are indicative, absent special circumstances.

How to check SIG network availability on your plot SIG provides an interactive map at sig-ge.ch allowing you to check in a few clicks whether GeniLac or CADIOM serves your address, or whether an extension is planned. If the network is within 50 metres, connection is generally economically sensible. If an extension is planned within 2–3 years, it may be worth waiting rather than investing in a heat pump. NRG positive systematically includes this check in its replacement studies.
03 — The physical and regulatory constraint

The 50 °C rule: why it governs everything else

Article 12I para. 3 of the Geneva REn requires that heat emission systems that are new or renewedREn art. 12I para. 3: « Les systèmes d'émission de chaleur neufs ou mis à neuf sont dimensionnés et exploités de manière à ce que les températures de départ ne dépassent pas 50°C […] pour les chauffages au sol, ce seuil est de 35°C ».République et canton de Genève — rsGE L 2 30.01 — Règlement d'application de la loi sur l'énergie (REn)accessed 2026-08-29 be sized and operated so that the flow temperature does not exceed 50 °C at the design temperature — and 35 °C for underfloor heating. This requirement is not arbitrary: it reflects a basic physical fact. A heat pump's performance depends directly on the temperature difference between the cold source (outdoor air or ground) and the hot side (the heating circuit). The greater that difference, the lower the coefficient of performance.

What physics says

An air-to-water heat pump producing water at 70 °C (typical of a gas boiler feeding high-temperature radiators) uses about twice as much electricity as one producing water at 45 °C for the same useful heat. Its coefficient of performance falls from around 3.5 (at 45 °C flow) to around 1.8–2.0 (at 70 °C flow) on a cold day at –5 °C. At that level, the economic and environmental advantage over a gas boiler all but disappears.

~3,5
COP of an air-to-water heat pump at 45 °C flow / –5 °C outside — the point of maximum efficiency
~2,0
COP of an air-to-water heat pump at 70 °C flow / –5 °C outside — the advantage evaporates
60–70 °C
typical flow temperature of a gas boiler feeding standard 1970s–1990s radiators — incompatible with an efficient heat pump
35–45 °C
ideal flow temperature for underfloor heating or low-temperature radiators — heat pump at optimal COP, well-insulated envelope required

The direct consequence: insulate before, or at the same time

A poorly insulated building has high heat losses — it needs a large heat output even in moderately cold weather. To deliver that with standard-size radiators, the heating circuit must run hot. Reducing losses through insulation produces two simultaneous effects:

1. The total heating power required falls — the boiler or heat pump can be sized smaller, reducing the investment cost.

2. The existing radiators, designed for a higher output, become oversized relative to the new demand — so they can heat the building at a lower flow temperature, which improves the heat pump's coefficient of performance.

Insulation does not merely cut losses — it lets the heat pump work in its optimal range. The two are inseparable.
Good practice: check the current flow temperature before any heat pump project The first step in a heat pump replacement project is to measure (or calculate) the circuit's current flow temperature on the design day. If it exceeds 55 °C, a heat pump alone is not viable without work on the envelope or the emitters. NRG positive carries out this assessment as part of its replacement studies: a balance of current losses, calculation of the flow temperature required, and identification of the priority envelope works needed to get below 50 °C.

What if the existing emitters are high-temperature radiators?

Option A — the most robust
Envelope insulation + emitter replacement
Insulate the façades (externally or internally), the roof and the lowest floor — then replace the radiators with low-temperature emitters (oversized flat panels or underfloor heating). This sequence allows a heat pump sized to the post-insulation load, at an optimal coefficient of performance. It is the most coherent scenario thermodynamically and economically over 20 years.
Option B — pragmatic
Targeted partial insulation + high-temperature heat pump
Insulate the roof and lowest floor first (the best cost-to-benefit ratio), then a high-temperature air-to-water heat pump (specific models reaching 65–70 °C with a degraded COP of around 2.5). This option is a transition — it improves the carbon balance immediately, with a commitment to continue insulating in a second phase. Sizing must anticipate the final post-insulation load.
Option C — to be avoided
Heat pump with no insulation and no change of emitters
The heat pump runs hot all through the cold season, with a coefficient of performance around 2.0 or less. The economic gain on the energy bill is minimal or nil (electricity costs more per kWh than gas). The owner has invested CHF 25,000–40,000 for a disappointing result. This is precisely the scenario this dossier warns against — see the next section.
04 — The most frequent mistake

Replacing the boiler without touching the envelope: the sizing trap

This is the most common scenario in Geneva's existing stock. Under regulatory pressure (a burner too old, a permit to obtain) or at an installer's prompting, the owner replaces the gas boiler with an air-to-water heat pump without questioning the state of the envelope. The result is almost always disappointing — and sometimes expensive.

What happens technically

Problem 1 — sizing on today's losses
The heat pump is bigger than it ought to be
The installer sizes the heat pump on the building's current heat losses in its uninsulated state — typically 30 to 80 kW for a block of 10 to 20 flats. If insulation follows within 5 years, losses drop by 40 to 60 % — the heat pump is then massively oversized. It runs on/off with short cycles, degrading its reliability and its actual coefficient of performance by 15 to 25 %.
Problem 2 — incompatible flow temperature
The existing radiators need 65–70 °C; the heat pump is not built for that
Without insulation or emitter replacement, the heating circuit must run at 65–70 °C in severe cold to cover the high losses with standard-size radiators. A standard air-to-water heat pump sees its coefficient of performance fall to 1.8–2.2 in that regime. The electricity bill is high and the payback announced at 7–10 years does not materialise.
Problem 3 — frequent electric back-up
Below –5 °C the heat pump is not enough and the back-up cuts in
Air-to-water heat pumps lose output as the outdoor temperature falls. In an uninsulated building with high losses, the bivalent point (the temperature below which the heat pump alone no longer suffices) often sits around –2 to +2 °C — several dozen nights in a Geneva winter. Direct electric back-up (COP = 1, maximum cost) makes up the shortfall. Electricity consumption in cold weeks soars.
Problem 4 — perceived discomfort
Occupants complain — the owner invests again
In poorly insulated flats with a badly sized heat pump, occupants experience discomfort in cold weather (unstable indoor temperatures) and noise from the outdoor unit. Complaints reach the managing agent, who has to act. In some cases occupants install portable electric heaters — which cancels any energy benefit and raises electrical risk.
The figure that sums up the problem An uninsulated 15-flat Geneva block (current IDC: 180 kWh/m²·yr / 650 MJ/m²·yr) installing an air-to-water heat pump without insulation can expect an actual annual coefficient of performance of 1.8 to 2.2. At that level, the cost of heating energy per useful kWh is comparable to — or higher than — an efficient gas boiler. The owner has invested CHF 35,000–50,000 for a virtually identical thermal result. Had CHF 80,000 of insulation been built into the same project, the heat pump would have run at a COP of 3.5 and the IDC would have fallen below 90 kWh/m²·yr (324 MJ/m²·yr) — with grants covering 30 to 50 % of the total cost.

The right order of decisions — three steps before ordering the heat pump

Step 1 — assess the envelope
CECB or thermal balance: where does the building stand?
A CECB or a simplified thermal balance gives current losses, the theoretical IDC and the improvement potential of the envelope. In Geneva the CECB is compulsory for many grant applications and for certain sales. It is the unavoidable starting point of any ambitious replacement project.
Step 2 — define the envelope trajectory
Which insulation, in what order, over what horizon?
Even if everything cannot be done at once (budget, sitting tenants, condominium), the trajectory must be set over 5 to 10 years: roof insulation (priority 1), lowest-floor insulation where accessible (priority 2), façade insulation externally or internally depending on context. That trajectory determines the correct sizing of the future heat pump — sized on the target post-insulation load, not on today's.
Step 3 — size and choose the heating system
Output, source, emitters — in that order
With the insulation trajectory settled, the heating output ultimately required can be calculated, the most suitable system chosen (district heating if available, ground-source heat pump if feasible, air-to-water otherwise), and a decision taken on whether the existing emitters can work at low temperature or must be replaced. That sequence — and only that sequence — guarantees a coherent investment.
Heating compensates for the errors of construction. Replacing the boiler without correcting those errors means changing fuel without changing the problem.
05 — Funding

SIG grants, the Buildings Programme and cantonal subsidies

The shift from fossil to renewable is supported by a stack of grants which, well combined, can cover 30 to 50 % of the cost of an integrated envelope-plus-heating project. The condition: having an overall view of the project before filing the applications, because some grants cannot be combined retrospectively.

SIG grants — eco21 Geneva

Service / installation Indicative SIG grant Main condition
Air-to-water heat pump (replacing a fossil system) According to the éco21 programme in force — the quantified cantonal support falls under measures M-05 and IP-05Source to be established — unverified. The SIG eco21 programme amounts were not found on any page opened during this pass; the previously stated range has been removed.Source to be established — unverified figure of the GEnergie schedule Replacement of an existing fossil system, output ≥ 5 kW
District heating connection (GeniLac / CADIOM) Specific grant under an SIG contract Confirmed network availability; SIG supply contract
Heat pump water heater According to the eco21 programme in force Replacement of an electric resistance water heater
Solar thermal (hot water) According to collector area In addition to a renewable heating system

Indicative amounts based on the SIG eco21 programmes in force in June 2026. Exact conditions and amounts must be checked at sig-ge.ch/eco21 or with the SIG energy desk before any commitment. Programmes may change during the year.

Buildings Programme — Confederation + Canton of Geneva

The Buildings Programme (programme-batiments.ch) is co-financed by the CO₂ levy and the cantons. In Geneva, a specific cantonal programme agreement is added to the basic federal support. The measures most relevant to phasing out fossil fuels:

Measure Object Indicative grant
M-05 Air-to-water heat pump ≤ 70 kW CHF 3,000 + CHF 400/kW, heat meter bonus + CHF 1,0002026 rate schedule, sheet M-05: CHF 3,000 + CHF 400/kW for an air-to-water heat pump up to 70 kW, with a CHF 1,000 bonus for fitting a heat meter. SwissEnergy's validated performance guarantee must accompany the application.République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 20262026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29
IP-05 Air-to-water heat pump > 70 kW CHF 4,000 + CHF 400/kW
M-06 Ground-source heat pump with borehole ≤ 70 kW, or water-to-water heat pump CHF 3,000 + CHF 800/kW, heat meter bonus + CHF 1,0002026 rate schedule, sheet M-06: CHF 3,000 + CHF 800/kW for a ground-source heat pump with borehole up to 70 kW, adjustable according to the source; drilling firms must hold a quality label.République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 20262026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29
M-03 / IP-04 Automatic wood heating, ≤ 70 kW then > 70 kW CHF 3,000 + CHF 50/kW; above 70 kW, CHF 360/kW
M-07 / IP-07 Connection to a heat network, ≤ 70 kW then > 70 kW Above 70 kW: CHF 8,000 + CHF 200/kW up to 500 kW
M-01 Thermal insulation of façade, roof, walls and floor against ground CHF 140/m² (U < 0.20 W/m²K), CHF 80/m² for buried elements2026 rate schedule, sheet M-01: CHF 140/m² for an external element reaching U < 0.20 W/m²K, CHF 80/m² for walls and floors more than 2 m below ground. A CECB Plus is mandatory from CHF 10,000 of grant.République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 20262026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29

Buildings Programme amounts are revised annually. Always check the conditions in force at programme-batiments.ch before filing. In Geneva the cantonal grant is added to the federal one — together they may represent 20 to 35 % of the installation cost depending on the measure.

The order of applications is crucial The golden rule of the Buildings Programme: the application must be filed and the approval received before the works begin. A project started without a prior application is no longer eligible. For projects combining several measures (insulation + heat pump), a single overall application is possible — and often the most efficient route. NRG positive advises on assembling these files.
French-speaking Switzerland outside Geneva Vaud, Valais, Fribourg and Neuchâtel benefit from the same federal Buildings Programme measures. Cantonal grants are added under each canton's own programme agreement — amounts vary. In all these cantons the CECB is the centrepiece of grant applications. Check the detail canton by canton on the Buildings Programme website.
Neighbouring France (Ain, Haute-Savoie) Since 1 September 2026, the single-measure pathway in metropolitan France covers only connection to a heating or cooling networkeconomie.gouv.fr: since 1 September 2026, wood and biomass heating, hot-water heat pumps, ventilation, insulation and solar thermal have left the single-measure pathway. What remains: air-to-water and ground-source heat pumps, network connection, audits and oil tank removal.Ministère de l'Économie et des Finances — economie.gouv.fr — MaPrimeRénov' parcours par geste : la prime pour la rénovation énergétique2026-08-28 · accessed 2026-08-29, air-to-water heat pumps, ground-source or solar-thermal heat pumps, energy audits outside any regulatory obligation, and removal of oil tanks. Wood and biomass heating equipment, hot-water heat pumps, ventilation, insulation and solar thermal have been removed; gas boilers have not been funded since 1 January 2025. Energy saving certificates are added through the obligated energy companies. The interest-free eco-loan finances the balance. Condition: works carried out by an RGE-certified professional.
06 — Frequently asked questions

What owners and professionals ask

My gas boiler is 18 years old and still works well. Should I already be planning its replacement?

Yes — and now is precisely the moment to act. In two years the boiler will reach the 20-year mark that makes any replacement a « conversion requiring a permit » (REn art. 13M para. 3). Planning now means choosing the solution calmly, planning any associated envelope works, filing grant applications before the works, and avoiding a mid-winter breakdown under regulatory pressure with constrained installation lead times.

My building is outside the GeniLac or CADIOM perimeter. What is my best option?

If district heating is not available, the air-to-water heat pump is the most common route — provided the flow temperature can drop below 50 °C, which almost always implies work on the envelope (at minimum roof and lowest floor). If the ground allows and lead times are not pressing, a ground-source heat pump offers a higher coefficient of performance and a longer life. In a building whose envelope cannot be improved in the short term (a listed building, a deadlocked condominium), a pellet boiler can be a sensible transition — it works at high temperature and remains decarbonised if the supply chain is ENplus A1 certified.

We are a Geneva condominium with divided views on replacing the boiler. How do we unblock the decision?

Replacing the heating system is a management decision of the condominium — generally requiring a qualified majority at the owners' meeting. An independent technical study setting out the options with their costs, grants and regulatory risks is usually the best way to unblock it: it turns a discussion of values into a decision on facts. Regulatory pressure (the permit requirement) can also be a useful factual argument. NRG positive writes study reports suited to presentation at a condominium meeting.

What is the practical difference between an air-to-water and a ground-source heat pump?

The air-to-water heat pump draws heat from outdoor air: its coefficient of performance varies with outdoor temperature (better in summer, degraded in severe cold). It is quicker to install (3–6 months) and cheaper up front, but needs an outdoor unit and is noise-sensitive. The ground-source heat pump draws from the ground (vertical probes 80–150 m deep, where the temperature is a constant 12 °C or so): its coefficient of performance is steadier and higher, it is silent and has no visible outdoor unit. Its main drawback is the cost of drilling and the permit lead times (GESDEC, 6–12 months). For a standard Geneva building in a peri-urban setting with enough space, the ground-source heat pump is often the best technical choice over 20 years — if the timetable allows.

Can SIG grants and the Buildings Programme be combined?

Yes — SIG eco21 grants and Buildings Programme grants can in principle be combined for renewable heating installations in Geneva. The Buildings Programme is itself a stack of a federal grant and a Geneva cantonal top-up. Some specific cantonal or municipal grants may, however, carry exclusivity clauses — to be checked case by case. The operational rule: file every application before the works, informing each body of the other applications in progress. Advice on assembling the file beforehand can significantly optimise the overall package.

Can a heat pump be installed in a listed or protected building in Geneva?

Yes, but with specific constraints. The outdoor unit of an air-to-water heat pump can raise appearance and noise issues in a protected area (old town, ISOS perimeter, inventoried building). In those cases a ground-source heat pump (no visible outdoor unit) or a district heating connection are often the preferred solutions. The OCEN and the building permit office can be consulted during design; for noise from an outdoor unit, the contact is the SABRAge.ch: the SABRA, part of the cantonal environment office, improves air quality and limits noise, vibration and non-ionising radiation from installations. It is not the building permit office.République et canton de Genève — OCEV — Service de l'air, du bruit et des rayonnements non ionisantsaccessed 2026-08-29 — the air, noise and non-ionising radiation service, part of the cantonal environment office. NRG positive has experience of these constrained settings within central Geneva.

How much does an integrated envelope-plus-heating replacement study cost?

An NRG positive replacement study covers: a CECB analysis or thermal balance of the existing building, calculation of current and projected post-insulation losses, identification of suitable heating alternatives (including checking district heating availability), analysis of the applicable SIG and Buildings Programme grants, and a summary report suitable for presentation to an owners' or condominium meeting. The cost depends on the size of the building and the complexity of the project; it is quoted case by case. Note that the Geneva grant for client-side energy advisory support (AMOén) was removed from the schedule on 1 February 2026OCEN/DEE press release of 2 February 2026: « Suppression de la subvention AMO énergie (AMOén), arrivée au terme de sa durée limitée de trois ans ». The 2026 schedule no longer contains an AMOén sheet.République et canton de Genève — OCEN / DEE — Subventions énergétiques 2026 : 80 millions de francs pour accélérer la rénovation du parc bâti genevois2026-02-02 · accessed 2026-08-29: this type of study is no longer supported by GEnergie. Discuss your project →

Sources and references (18)

Every figure and every claim in this dossier links back to its source. Hover or tap a footnote marker to see it.

  1. République et canton de Genève — rsGE L 2 30.01 — Règlement d'application de la loi sur l'énergie (REn) (accessed 2026-08-29)
    REn art. 13N para. 1: installing, replacing or converting a fossil-fuel installation « est soumis à autorisation énergétique au sens de l'article 13D dès une puissance thermique nominale globale de 5 kW ».
  2. République et canton de Genève — rsGE L 2 30 — Loi sur l'énergie (LEn) (accessed 2026-08-29)
    LEn art. 21 para. 3: the permit « n'est accordée que si la preuve est apportée par le requérant » that demand cannot reasonably be met by renewables or waste heat, and that the installation uses the best available technology.
  3. République et canton de Genève — rsGE L 2 30.01 — Règlement d'application de la loi sur l'énergie (REn) (accessed 2026-08-29)
    REn art. 13M para. 3: « Le changement du brûleur ou de tout autre composant annexe d'une installation productrice de chaleur datant de 20 ans ou plus équivaut à une transformation d'une installation au sens de l'article 21, alinéa 2, de la loi ».
  4. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. The note that follows remains accurate: the LEn sets no single legal deadline for phasing out fossil fuels in the existing stock.
  5. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. The canton-by-canton comparison was not redone during this pass; the wrongly cited name of the Vaud regulation has been removed.
  6. Ministère de l'Économie et des Finances — economie.gouv.fr — MaPrimeRénov' parcours par geste : la prime pour la rénovation énergétique (2026-08-28 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    economie.gouv.fr, page updated 28 August 2026: the installation of gas boilers has not been funded since 1 January 2025, and the single-measure pathway narrowed further on 1 September 2026.
  7. CADIOM SA (exploitant du réseau — seule source disponible) — CADIOM — Chauffage à distance par l'incinération des ordures ménagères (accessed 2026-08-29)
    cadiom.ch: in service since December 2002, the network supplies more than 10,000 dwellings and several commercial sites in Aire-la-Ville, Bernex, Confignon, Onex and Lancy with water superheated by household waste incineration.
  8. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. The Geneva schedule uses the A-7/W35 operating point for calculating grants, but publishes no range of coefficients of performance.
  9. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. A usual market order of magnitude, not reproduced in any official publication consulted.
  10. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. A market price with no official reference publication.
  11. République et canton de Genève — rsGE L 2 30.01 — Règlement d'application de la loi sur l'énergie (REn) (accessed 2026-08-29)
    REn art. 12I para. 3: « Les systèmes d'émission de chaleur neufs ou mis à neuf sont dimensionnés et exploités de manière à ce que les températures de départ ne dépassent pas 50°C […] pour les chauffages au sol, ce seuil est de 35°C ».
  12. Source to be established — unverified figure
    Source to be established — unverified. The SIG eco21 programme amounts were not found on any page opened during this pass; the previously stated range has been removed.
  13. République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 2026 (2026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    2026 rate schedule, sheet M-05: CHF 3,000 + CHF 400/kW for an air-to-water heat pump up to 70 kW, with a CHF 1,000 bonus for fitting a heat meter. SwissEnergy's validated performance guarantee must accompany the application.
  14. République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 2026 (2026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    2026 rate schedule, sheet M-06: CHF 3,000 + CHF 800/kW for a ground-source heat pump with borehole up to 70 kW, adjustable according to the source; drilling firms must hold a quality label.
  15. République et canton de Genève — OCEN — Barème des subventions GEnergie 2026, applicable dès le 1er février 2026 (2026-02-01 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    2026 rate schedule, sheet M-01: CHF 140/m² for an external element reaching U < 0.20 W/m²K, CHF 80/m² for walls and floors more than 2 m below ground. A CECB Plus is mandatory from CHF 10,000 of grant.
  16. Ministère de l'Économie et des Finances — economie.gouv.fr — MaPrimeRénov' parcours par geste : la prime pour la rénovation énergétique (2026-08-28 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    economie.gouv.fr: since 1 September 2026, wood and biomass heating, hot-water heat pumps, ventilation, insulation and solar thermal have left the single-measure pathway. What remains: air-to-water and ground-source heat pumps, network connection, audits and oil tank removal.
  17. République et canton de Genève — OCEV — Service de l'air, du bruit et des rayonnements non ionisants (accessed 2026-08-29)
    ge.ch: the SABRA, part of the cantonal environment office, improves air quality and limits noise, vibration and non-ionising radiation from installations. It is not the building permit office.
  18. République et canton de Genève — OCEN / DEE — Subventions énergétiques 2026 : 80 millions de francs pour accélérer la rénovation du parc bâti genevois (2026-02-02 · accessed 2026-08-29)
    OCEN/DEE press release of 2 February 2026: « Suppression de la subvention AMO énergie (AMOén), arrivée au terme de sa durée limitée de trois ans ». The 2026 schedule no longer contains an AMOén sheet.

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